Showing posts with label ahimsa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ahimsa. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 10, 2009

Renounce smaller selfish interests for the bigger good - त्यजेत् कुलार्थे पुरुषं


renounce one person for the sake of the family,
a family for the sake of village;
village for the sake of country and
even the [kingdom of] earth for one's own sake.

tyajet kulArthe puruSham grAmasyArthe kulam tyajet |
grAmam janapadasyArthe AtmArthe pRithivIm tyajet ||

त्यजेत् कुलार्थे पुरुषं ग्रामस्यार्थे कुलं त्यजेत् |
ग्रामं जनपदस्यार्थे आत्मार्थे पृथिवीं त्यजेत् ||


this is a very much misunderstood shloka, and the misunderstanding comes from not taking in account the context, the speaker and the essence of the statement. this shloka appears in many shloka collections, including panchatantra and hitopadesha. the earliest reference seems to be in vidura neeti 5-17, which is part of the larger mega-epic mahAbhArata.

the wise minister vidura, of the kuru super-empire, is advising the emperor dhRitarAShTra to follow the path of dharma, right conduct, and not to let unfair things happen due to power intoxication or familial attachment. the emperor was literally blind, but metaphorically blind in parental attachment to his son duryodhana, and lets him get away with some of the most blatant and unfair thing he does out of jealousy and ego. duryodhana, the son was not ignorant of the right conduct, but he accepted he had a natural liking for a-dharma, even though knowing well he was doing wrong.

there are three common misunderstanding regarding this shloka -
#1. that the sacrifice of the [good of] smaller unit SHOULD be done to be able to get the good of the larger unit. this makes it a prerequisite to the greater good, which is not so.

#2. that this justifies mass killing like that done by Mao, Stalin, Naxal insurgents of india in the name of greater good. even eminent thinker like Gurcharan Das got this one wrong.

#3. giving it a spiritual spin, the last part is translated as 'abandon the [attachment to this material] world for your own moksha, nirvana.' i.e. leave worldly attachment, only then you will be able to liberate yourself.

Saturday, September 12, 2009

Terror and non-violence - नाततायिवधे दोषो


One who kills a terrorist overtly or covertly gets no blame,
for [it is nothing but] anger killing anger.

नाततायिवधे दोषो हन्तुर्भवति कश्चन ।
प्रकाशं वाप्रकाशं वा मन्युस्तं मन्युमृच्छति ॥


nAtatAyivadhe doSho hanturbhavati kashchana |
prakAshaM vAprakAshaM vA, manyustaM manyumRichchhati ||
manusmRiti 8-351


This is the confusing part about ethics - what to do? Is the terrorist right in using force to get his/her way? Are we right in using violence against a terrorist?

It is all in the intention.

The word AtatAyin mean "one who is in a stretched posture of attack - with a stretched out sword or a stretched bowstring, ready to kill."

vasiShTha-smRiti defines 6 acts of terror - one who sets fire (arson), one who poisons, one who is ready to kill with a drawn weapon, one who takes money by force, one who takes over land, one who kidnaps woman.


(September 11, 2001, New York)


Arjuna asks kRiShNa in gItA (1-36) what he will gain by killing these terrorists, the kauravas. Now, look at what all duryodhana did to pANDavas - setting fire to the house of lac (in which they were made to stay as guests), gave bhIma poison, took their land and money by deceitful force (winning the dice game my deceit), even took draupadI away (as part of the bet). even then arjuna has the moha - illusion - that the kaurava were his family, cousin etc.

He failed to realize that all relations are by DEEDS, all else is mere accident. Every woman who is in an abusive relationship should remember this.

Now the dilemma. Should we use violence against a terrorist? So what if the other person uses it. arjuna asks this as well - "They are of shrouded mind due to greed and delusion, but we are not, then why should we do such lowly act of killing?"

Manu answers very beautifully and decisively in the above shloka. If the other person is brahma, the divine spark, so are you. So what you do in self-defense is fully justified. If the other is angry and tries to kill you, you get angry and protect yourself. It is as if anger is killing anger, brahma is being spent in brahma. The material body will surely recycle. Birth and death are like a small child playing in his bath tub with a small cup or mug. The child takes water from the tub in his mug, and spills on himself, the water goes back to the tub. That is what is birth and death, material from here is spent here alone. Like no non-biological things (clothes) could pass the time machine of the movie "terminator", so does no material pass from this world to any other.

All get accordingly to their karma. so a terrorist will also get the results of his acts. Sooner or later. Depending upon who the opponent is, the justice may come sooner or later.



(November 26-29, 2008, Mumbai)


And those who say 'non-violence' ahiMsA is the most important dharma to follow - "ahiMsA paramo dharmaH" (non-violence is paramount ethic) - it means that one should not start violence, it never denies you self defense.

Terrorism is afflicting India for a long time and to great depths. The west is realizing it only now when they have seen it first hand in their own backyard.

Everyone should watch out, our karmas will get back to us, whether we are starting or stopping the terror.

In memory of all the victims of 9-11 and many, many victims in India.

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And now the language aspects of the shloka -

nAtatAyivadhe = na + AtatAyivadhe
na = not
AtatAyivadha = AtatAyi (terrorist) + vadha (murder) = killing of a terrorist
AtatAyivadhe = in the killing of a terrorist


doSho = doshaH (aH -> o due to sandhi rules) = blame, blemish

hantur_bhavati = (hantuH) [to the] killer + (bhavati) happens

prakAshaM = [in] light (overtly, in broad daylight)
vAprakAshaM = vA (or) + a-prakAshaM (hidden, covert, secret)
vA = or
manyumRichchhati = anger kills
manyustaM = manyuH + taM = that (taM) anger (manyuH)


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(c) Shashikant Joshi । शशिकांत जोशी । ॐ सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः ।